Ραντεβού στον Άρη.
Η ουσιαστική παρακμή της NASA άργησε να φτάσει στη συνείδηση του κόσμου, παρά το γεγονός πως μετά το καλοκαίρι του 1969 και τη προσσελήνωση του Απόλλο 11, το ενδιαφέρον, τόσο του κοινού όσο και των πολιτικών που ενέκριναν ή απέρριπταν έργα και ερευνητικά προγράμματα, που ουσιαστικά καθόριζαν τη πορεία της υπηρεσίας περισσότερο από οποιαδήποτε επιστημονική ή τεχνολογική ανακάλυψη, ελαχιστοποιήθηκε, ίσως περισσότερο από ποτέ.
Η εμφάνιση του διαστημικού λεωφορείου στα τέλη της δεκαετίας του 1970, μια φαινομενικά καινοτόμα κίνηση που θα άνοιγε τον δρόμο για τη συχνότερη, ευκολότερη και προ πάντων φθηνότερη, συστηματική μεταφορά ανθρώπων σε τροχιά και — γιατί όχι — σε γειτονικού προορισμούς όπως η σελήνη πρακτικά αμαυρώθηκε από σειρά ατυχημάτων και προβλημάτων και τη τραγική έλλειψη κεφαλαίου. Ας σημειωθεί πως μετά τη καταστροφή του Challenger το 1986, η μετέπειτα καθήλωση του ‘στόλου’ μέχρις ότου τα αίτια διαλευκανθούν κόστισε αρκετά τόσο στη NASA όσο και στη σημασία του διαστημικού προγράμματος γενικότερα. Ας πάρουμε για παράδειγμα τα σημαντικά προβλήματα του γνωστού διαστημικού τηλεσκοπίου Hubble (HST) το 1990, που πήρε τρία περίπου χρόνια μέχρις ότου διορθωθεί από αστροναύτες. Το πρόγραμμα Mars Surveyor ‘98 αλλά και η καταστροφή του διαστημικού λεωφορείου Columbia το 2003 ήταν επίσης ψυχοφθόρα για την υπηρεσία αλλά και βασικός παράγοντας επαναπροσδιορισμού των προτεραιοτήτων αλλά προ πάντων των βασικών, ήδη εν εξελίξει, έργων της.
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The most distant ambassador of human civilisation, the Voyager probes, turn thirty. Wired has an excellent image set covering schematics and planetary imagery. I think we need more programmes like these. More on the Voyagers here.
» Dangerous Knowledge
In order to break the stream of posts helping me vent my frustration about Hellenic politics and the upcoming elections in that country, here’s an excellent documentary by the BBC (who else?). Its subject matter covers the work and lives of some of the most brilliant scientific minds of the last 200 years and specifically those of Georg Cantor, Ludwig Boltzmann, Kurt Gödel and Alan Turing. A common theme among them is the fact that they all committed suicide. The documentary vaguely attempts to link their prolific scientific and intellectual output and the primitive social environment in which they lived to their death, something which while possible, is vastly more complex correlation to what is presented in this documentary. Still, it is an interesting presentation, especially for those interested in the biographical details of these brilliant thinkers.
Αυτόνομα Οχήματα: Urban Challenge 2007
Το 2004 η Υπηρεσία Εξελιγμένης Έρευνας των Ενόπλεων Δυνάμεων των ΗΠΑ (DARPA), ο απόγονος της υπηρεσίας που δημιούργησε σειρά τεχνολογιών μέρος της καθημερινότητος μας (με πιο γνωστό ίσως το διαδίκτυο και τις βάσεις γι’αυτό προ τριαντα πέντε περίπου ετών), ξεκίνησε μια σειρά από ‘αγώνες’ μεταξύ αυτόνομων οχημάτων, οχημάτων δηλαδή που δεν ελέγχονται από ανθρώπους αλλά που μπορούν να αποφασίζουν μόνα τους πως θα ένεργήσουν. Οχήματα-ρομπότ αν προτιμάτε.
Ο αγώνας αποτελείτω από δύο βασικά σκέλη: το προκαταρκτικό, όπου τα οχήματα έπρεπε να εμφανίσουν ικανότητα για ταχύτητα και διακριτική ικανότητα στον δρόμο σε δοκιμαστική πίστα και απόσταση περίπου 3 χιλιομέτρων και το βασικό σκέλος, όπου τα οχήματα που είχαν επιτύχει στο πρώτο σκέλος θα αγωνίζονταν σε μια απόσταση 230 περίπου χιλιομέτρων στην έρημο. Ο αγώνας συμπεριελάμβανε εκατοντάδες χιλιόμετρα σε στενούς χωματόδρομους, φαράγγια, τούνελ και απόσταση σε ανηφορικούς δρόμους δίπλα στο γκρεμό, σημεία όπου το παραμικρό λάθος μπορούσε να αποβεί μοιραίο για το όχημα.
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Cryptonomicon and The Baroque Cycle
I got to know of Neal Stephenson from a good friend in the winter of 1999, some months after Cryptonomicon was published. He used to read it during the long boring lecture days at Imperial and over the course of a couple of weeks I got to catch a glimpse of the interweaved stories Stephenson eloquently presented in that book; enough of a glimpse so that when the summer of 2000 came and I was killing time at Heathrow, waiting for my return flight to Athens I picked up a paperback copy myself from an airport bookstore.
Love for Sci-Fi. Aversion to Cyberpunk.
I used to read a lot of literature when I was a child and until my early to mid teens. Yet by 2000 my relationship with literature had largely given its place to countless hours spent with technology, music and other interests; perhaps it was the thirty odd hours of lectures per week plus the constant progress reports, coursework and weekly tests the university required, along with my numerous other interests, friends etc. that relegated reading literature books to the backburner. It certainly was not what it used to be some years earlier. During those years most of my reading was either purely technical or scientific or involved history.
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IEC Fusion and Polywell.
Dr. Robert Bussard is a former Assistant Director of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. The video that follows is a presentation at Google from late 2006. This is a fascinating lecture on the alternative to thermonuclear fusion research and the revival of an older idea, that of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement. Fusion is a hot subject, not just within academia (it’s less than two years that the international community has agreed on ITER and this troubled project is due for completion by 2013), but also in the economy and society in general (eco-conscience development, climate change, dependency on diminishing and expensive oil supplies). According to Bussard’s presentation, further developments on IEC might render thermonuclear fusion an obsolete idea and make fusion a reality much faster (and cheaper/easier) than expected. Dr. Bussard’s company managed to get really ‘interesting’ results with their Polywell project, before his funding run out in 2006 (due to Iraq war cutbacks), according to his Wikipedia page. So now he is travelling all over the U.S. trying to secure funding to develop the next prototype that will make or break his predictions. It’s highly ironic that while his contract has not been terminated — he’s still supported by the U.S. Navy, he’s just not given any additional funding, which means that they don’t think his work is not worth it, they just can’t pay him — and while the U.S. Government is pouring billions of dollars occupying Iraq, they cannot provide the $200 million a respected scientist potentially on the brink of the most incredible scientific discovery imaginable.
So what if Bussard is right? Well, if he’s right and the actual development of capable reactors is as simple (in terms of the engineering) as he claims, the economic, social and cultural ramifications will be tremendous. According to his presentation, given the required funding, the development of a functioning proof of concept reactor could become reality within five years with a commercial solution ready 6-10 years after that — these estimates are several decades ahead of any estimate for commercially viable thermonuclear solution.
For more information on his work check out this site.
English is one of the easiest languages to learn, despite the logical inconsistencies in its spelling and the multitude of — seemingly nonsensical to some learners — phrasal verbs. The fact that you rarely find polysyllabic words in English tends to favour smaller and less developed vocabularies among its native speakers; that’s really sad as the potential for expressive power of English is immensely higher than what’s actually witnessed in Britain or the U.S. It is absurd, in my opinion, to suggest that simplifying spelling would improve literacy. If anything, English should be taught more rigorously in schools to help children develop a ‘feel’ for the language beyond what they get by reading books and talking to their parents and friends; it is a well known joke that the Dutch (for example) speak better English than the English. My Ph.D supervisor once told me — to my surprise — that he thought I spoke better English than most ‘native speakers’ and he added that it was probably due to the way many Europeans learn the language. Perhaps he’s right. What I believe is that simplifying English spelling would probably be disastrous to the language — as Marsha Bell’s annoying spelling in the article proves. Most commenters on this BBC article seem to agree with this. Stop the dumbing down!
One of our best ways to combat the cognitive decline humans experience with age might be theatre, according to this article by Cognitive Daily.



